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<h1>C++ and C++'11 Support in Clang</h1>
<!--*************************************************************************-->
<p>Last updated: $Date$</p>
Douglas Gregor
committed
<p>Clang currently implements all of the ISO C++ 1998 standard
(including the defects addressed in the ISO C++ 2003 standard)
except for 'export' (which has been removed in C++'11)
Douglas Gregor
committed
and is considered a production-quality C++ compiler. The <a
href="http://llvm.org/bugs/">LLVM bug tracker</a> contains a Clang
C++ component that tracks known Clang C++ bugs.</p>
<h2 id="cxx11">C++11 Implementation status</h2>
<p>Clang provides support for a number of features included in the new ISO C++ Standard, ISO/IEC 14882:2011. This section tracks the status of various C++11
features, and a number of other C++11 features are under active development.</p>
<p>You can use Clang in C++11 mode either
with <a href="http://libcxx.llvm.org/">libc++</a> or with gcc's libstdc++.
libstdc++-4.4 requires <a href="libstdc++4.4-clang0x.patch">a patch</a> to work
with clang; other versions have not been tested.</p>
<!-- Within this table: The colors we're using to color-code our level
of support for a given section:
White (no background): not considered/tested.
#C11B17: Broken.
#F88017: Some useful examples work
#FDD017: Many examples work
#347C17: Nearly everything works
#00FF00 + check mark: Implementation complete!
-->
<p>The following table is used to help track our implementation
progress toward implementing the complete C++'11 standard. We use a
simple, somewhat arbitrary color-coding scheme to describe the
relative completeness of features:</p>
<table width="689" border="1" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<th>Not started/not evaluated</th>
<th>Not Applicable</th>
<th>Broken</th>
<th>Some examples work</th>
<th>Many examples work</th>
<th>Nearly everything works</th>
<th>Complete</th>
<!--
<th>Complete (with tests for each paragraph)</th>
-->
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td class="broken"></td>
<td class="basic"></td>
<td class="medium"></td>
<td class="advanced"></td>
<td class="complete">rXXXXXX</td>
<!--
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
-->
<p>In addition, boxes marked with ✓ have complete and passing tests.
Similarly, boxes marked with ✗ have complete tests, some of which
are failing, and a <b>?</b> indicates partial tests while not making any
statement about passing status.</p>
<p>A feature is "complete" when the appropriate Clang component (Parse, AST,
Sema, CodeGen) implements the behavior described in all of the
paragraphs in the C++'11 standard. The major
<dd>Clang is able to parse the grammar of this feature (or the grammar
described by this section), but does not necessarily do anything with the
parsed result. Use Clang's <code>-fsyntax-only</code> option to parse C++
programs.</dd>
<dd>Clang builds an abstract syntax tree (AST) for the feature, but does not
necessarily perform any type-checking. Use Clang's <code>-ast-print</code>
option to print the resulting ASTs.</dd>
<dd>Clang parses and type-checks this feature and provides a well-formed AST
annotated with types. Use Clang's <code>-fsyntax-only</code> to type-check
code.</dd>
<dd>Clang parses, type-checks, and generates code for this feature, allowing
one to compile and execute programs.</dd>
<p>Updates to this table are welcome! Tests for the various features are also
welcome!</p>
<table width="689" border="1" cellspacing="0">
<tr><td colspan="7" align="center" bgcolor="#ffddaa">C++11 Features (standard available <a href="http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=50372">here</a>)</td>
<th>Parse</th>
<th>AST</th>
<th>Sema</th>
<th>CodeGen</th>
<th>Standard Sections</th>
<tr><td colspan="7" class="category">Control Flow Modifications</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Range-based for loop</td>
Richard Smith
committed
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td>6.5.4</td>
Richard Smith
committed
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/JTC1/SC22/WG21/docs/papers/2007/n2243.html">N2243</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/JTC1/SC22/WG21/docs/papers/2011/n3271.htm">N3271</a></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="7" class="category">Type System Modifications</td></tr>
<td>rvalue references</td>
<td class="complete" align="center"></td>
<td class="complete" align="center"></td>
<td class="complete" align="center"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td>8.3.2</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n2118.html">N2118</a>,
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/JTC1/SC22/WG21/docs/papers/2009/n2831.html">N2831</a> <a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2439.htm">N2439</a>
</td>
<td>decltype</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
Richard Smith
committed
<td class="advanced" align="center"></td>
<td>7.1.6.2</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2343.pdf">N2343</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2003/n1478.pdf">N1478</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n1978.pdf">N1978</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>auto type deduction</td>
Richard Smith
committed
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td>7.1.6.2, 7.1.6.4</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n1984.pdf">N1984</a></td>
<td>nullptr</td>
<td class="complete" align="center"></td>
<td class="complete" align="center"></td>
<td class="advanced" align="center"></td>
<td class="advanced"></td>
<td>2.14.7, 4.10, 4.11</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2431.pdf">N2431</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2003/n1488.pdf">N1488</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2214.pdf">N2214</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>enum classes</td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="advanced"></td>
<td class="advanced"></td>
<td>7.2</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2003/n1513.pdf">N1513</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2347.pdf">N2347</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2499.pdf">N2499</a>
Includes forward declaration capability
</td>
<td>long long</td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td>3.9.1</td>
<td>C99
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2005/n1811.pdf">N1811</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>constexpr</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>3.6.2, 3.9, 5.19, 7.1.5</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2003/n1521.pdf">N1521</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2235.pdf">N2235</a>
</td>
<td>char16_t/char32_t</td>
<td class="medium"></td>
<td class="medium"></td>
<td class="medium"></td>
<td class="medium"></td>
<td></td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2249.html">N2249</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unicode string literal types</td>
Douglas Gregor
committed
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td>2.14.3, 2.14.5</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Raw string literal types</td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td>2.14.5</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n2053.html">N2053</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2442.html">N2442</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2378.pdf">N2378</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>user-defined literal types</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>2.14.8</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2378.pdf">N2378</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>POD definition changes</td>
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>3.9, 9</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2294.html">N2294</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Unrestricted unions</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>9.5</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2544.pdf">N2544</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Tighter narrowing rules</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>8.5.4</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2005/n1890.pdf">N1890</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2215.pdf">N2215</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2640.pdf">N2640</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="7" class="category">Class Modifications</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>delegating constructors</td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td>12.6.2</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n1986">N1986</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>inheriting constructors</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>12.9</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2005/n1890.pdf">N1890</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2005/n1898.pdf">N1898</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2512.html">N2512</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>In-declaration member initialization</td>
Richard Smith
committed
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td></td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2628.html">N2628</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Changes to implicitly generated methods</td>
Sebastian Redl
committed
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td></td>
<td>Includes implicit generation of move operations</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>defaulted methods</td>
Sebastian Redl
committed
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td></td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2004/n1717.pdf">N1717</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2326.html">N2326</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
Sebastian Redl
committed
<td>Implicit destructor exception specification</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>sizeof on members without object instance</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2150.html">N2150</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Explicit override controls</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="na"></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Explicit conversion operators</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="advanced" align="center">✗</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td>12.3</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2437.pdf">N2437</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2333.html">N2333</a>
Does not implement DR899</td>
<tr><td colspan="7" class="category">Template Modifications</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Right angle brackets</td>
<td class="complete" align="center"></td>
<td class="na" align="center">N/A</td>
<td class="na" align="center">N/A</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td></td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2005/n1757.html">N1757</a></td>
</tr>
<td>variadic templates</td>
<td class="complete" align="center"></td>
<td class="complete" align="center"></td>
<td class="complete" align="center"></td>
<td class="complete" align="center"></td>
<td>14.6.3</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n2080.pdf">N2080</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n2087.pdf">N2087</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2242.pdf">N2242</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2488.pdf">N2488</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2555.pdf">N2555</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>template aliases</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td>7.1.3, 14.6.7</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2003/n1489.pdf">N1489</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2258.pdf">N2258</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Removal of export</td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td></td>
<td>This was never implemented in C++03</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>extern templates</td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td>14.8.2</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n1987.htm">N1987</a></td>
<td>Local classes as template parameters</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2402.pdf">N2402</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2657.htm">N2657</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="7" class="category">Exception Modifications</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Deprecation of exception specifications</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>15.4</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>noexcept</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td>5.3.7, 15.4</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2010/n3050.html">N3050</a></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="7" class="category">Preprocessor Modifications</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>__STDC_HOSTED__</td>
<td class="complete"></td>
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td>16.8</td>
<td>C99
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2004/n1568.htm">N1568</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>_Pragma</td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td>16.9</td>
<td>C99
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2004/n1568.htm">N1568</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Variable argument macros</td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td>16.3</td>
<td>C99
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2004/n1568.htm">N1568</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Empty macro arguments</td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td>16.3</td>
<td>C99
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2004/n1568.htm">N1568</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>__func__</td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td>8.4.1</td>
<td>C99
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2004/n1568.htm">N1568</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>__cplusplus</td>
<td class="complete"></td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td>16.8</td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="7" class="category">Things Completely New</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Late-specified return type</td>
Richard Smith
committed
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
Richard Smith
committed
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td>8.3.5</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2445.html">N2445</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>lambda expressions</td>
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>5.1.2</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2006/n1968.htm">N1968</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2550.pdf">N2550</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2009/n2859.pdf">N2859</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Uniform initializers </td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>12.6</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2215.pdf">N2215</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2640.pdf">N2640</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Memory model</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>1.7</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2556.html">N2556</a></td>
<tr><td colspan="7" class="category">Miscellania</td></tr>
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
<td>Standard attribute syntax</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2418.pdf">N2418</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>alignment control</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Deleted functions</td>
<td class="complete" align="center"></td>
<td class="complete" align="center"></td>
<td class="medium" align="center"></td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td>8.4.3</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2007/n2326.htm">N2326</a></br>
This also includes class methods.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>static_assert</td>
<td class="complete" align="center"></td>
<td class="complete" align="center"></td>
<td class="advanced" align="center"></td>
<td class="na">N/A</td>
<td>7</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2002/n1381.htm">N1381</a>
<a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2004/n1720.pdf">N1720</a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Inline namespaces</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">✓</td>
<td class="complete" align="center">N/A</td>
<td>7.3.1</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2535.htm">N2535</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>thread_local storage</td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
<td>3.7.2, 7.1.1</td>
<td><a href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2008/n2660.htm">N2660</a></td>
<tr><td colspan="7" class="category">Standard Library Modifications, see <a href="http://libcxx.llvm.org/index.html">libc++</a> or <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/manual/bk01pt01ch01.html#manual.intro.status.standard.200x">libstdc++</a> or <a href="http://blogs.msdn.com/b/vcblog/archive/2010/07/02/video-introduction-to-the-stl-part-1.aspx">VC++ 2010</a></td></tr>